Surface environment – biogeochemistry and pedology

We mainly study the biogeochemical and pedological processes that characterise the surface environment, with particular attention to the Critical Zone, that complex interface between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere that constitutes the most superficial portion of the Earth, capable of hosting most human activities and natural resources.

Research activities, which include fieldwork, laboratory analysis, experimental work and modelling, are aimed at understanding biogeochemical cycles, microbial populations, soil formation and evolution dynamics, interactions between mineral, organic and biological components, as well as the effects of environmental changes and anthropogenic pressures on the quality and functionality of surface environmental systems. Key aspects include the study of soil degradation and contamination processes, the analysis of nutrient and potentially toxic element flows, and the assessment of the capacity of soils to support essential ecosystem services.

The group has access and manages advanced equipments in the Department Facilities of Bologna and Ravenna, including XRF, IC, FAAS, GFAAS, CHN, ICP-OES, ICP-MS, UV-VIS, TOC/N analyser for liquid matrices, spectrophotometer, storage chamber for measuring CO₂ and CH₄ gas flows, automatic titrator, microwave oven, Mastersizer 3000 laser granulometer, as well as laboratories for the preparation, analysis and storage of environmental matrices. The skills available allow for broad-spectrum characterisation of environmental matrices, selective and sequential analysis on solids according to standardised protocols, and the development of innovative methodological approaches integrating geochemical, pedological and biological tools.

The activities are part of national and international research projects (EcoMEMO) and agreements with public and private bodies, with a strong multidisciplinary and collaborative orientation that encourages dialogue with experts in complementary disciplines, from biology to applied geology.